Orthogonality regularizer for question answering

Learning embeddings of words and knowledge base elements is a promising approach for open domain question answering. Based on the remark that relations and entities are distinct object types lying in the same embedding space, we analyze the benefit of adding a regularizer favoring the embeddings of entities to be orthogonal to those of relations. The main motivation comes from the observation that modifying the embeddings using prior knowledge often helps performance. The experiments show that incorporating the regularizer yields better results on a challenging question answering benchmark.